By Prof(Dr.) Saransh Jain
Medical Term Definition
Ejaculation is the outcome of sexual arousal and, in most men, it occurs simultaneously with orgasm, i.e. about 4-10 minutes after arousal and erection. Ejaculation is controlled mainly by the central nervous system (CNS). According to the latest scientific data, ejaculation is primarily a neurobiological -rather than a psychological- phaenomenon.
The ejaculation process is regulated centrally by the brain and spinal cord through a large number of neurotransmitters, such as serotonin (5-HT), dopamine, oxytokin and others. A great many data advocate that serotonin, and specifically 5-HT receptors, are mainly responsible for activating the process of ejaculation. As cerebral and spinal centers get stimulated, they induce peristaltic movements (repeated rhythmic contractions) of the bulbocavernosus (BC) and ischiocavernosus (IC) muscles of the pelvic floor, resulting in the expulsion of semen from the outer urethral orifice.
There are different types of ejaculation disorders in men, including:
- Premature ejaculation: This refers to ejaculation that occurs before or soon after penetration.
- Inhibited or retarded ejaculation: This is when ejaculation is slow to occur.
- Retrograde ejaculation: This occurs when, at orgasm, the ejaculate is forced back into the bladder rather than through the urethra and out the end of the penis.
In some cases, premature and inhibited ejaculation are caused by psychological factors, including a strict religious background that causes the person to view
sex as sinful, a lack of attraction for a partner, and past traumatic events. Premature ejaculation, the most common form of sexual dysfunction in men, often is due to nervousness over how well he will perform during
sex. Certain drugs, including some antidepressants, may affect ejaculation, as can
nerve damage to the spinal cord or back.
Retrograde ejaculation is common in males with
diabetes who suffer from
diabetic neuropathy (
nerve damage). This is due to problems with the nerves in the bladder and the bladder neck that allow the ejaculate to flow backward. In other men, retrograde ejaculation occurs after operations on the bladder neck or
prostate, or after certain abdominal operations. In addition, certain medications, particularly those used to treat
mood disorders, may cause problems with ejaculation.
Premature ejaculation, the most common form of sexual dysfunction in men, often is due to nervousness over how well you'll perform during sex. But causes are often unclear.
- In some cases, premature and inhibited ejaculation are caused by a lack of attraction for a partner, past traumatic events, and psychological factors, including a strict religious background that causes the person to view sex as sinful.
- Certain drugs, including some antidepressants, may affect ejaculation, as can nerve damage to the spinal cord or back.
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